Media Violence and Aggression in Children Essay -- Argumentative Persu

Media Violence Causes Aggression in Children and TeenagersThe media, particularly the news media, defends itself from the charge of encouraging violence by stating they are simply reflecting what exists. reliable people are murdered e very day. Those who create fictionalized views of violence(movies or TV dramas) rely on the argument that what they are producing should not be taken literally. besides the mentally inadequate would assume the violence was real or try to copy the behavior(Greek). Violence has been present since the beginning of the medium and in our history political violence, ethnic violence, class violence. You go back to the KKK, you have people committing incredible acts of violence on a grand scale. What is different is the reach of the media. You give the gate now put anything on the screen theres no longer a sense of things being off limits, Eric Foner, Columbia Universitys DeWitt Clinton Professor of History said(qtd. in Cole). This is very true, broadcasti ng of the Vietnam War was the Statess first glimpse at the brutal truth of war. It raised the acceptable threshold of violence on television the infamous images brisk audiences for the fictional gore later depicted in such television shows as NYPD Blue and ER(Cole). What about societys responsibility? Violence in America has also been linked to economic changes. Economic hardships in the 1930s and the late 1970s resulted in the highest homicide level in this century. This relation persists today. Bob Dole and others conceptualize it is simply the breakdown of family values, but it corresponds with deindustrialization. Rates of criminal violence have dropped significantly over the past 10 years, except among the young, the part of the population roughly ... ...terns we establish in our youth are the base for lifelong patterns evident in adulthood. And we must hold up the right decisions or at least make sure we make the right decisions for our children. Works Cited American Ps ychological Association. Violence on Television What do Children Learn? What can Parents Do? Washington Brochure, 1997. Carlson, Margaret. The palpable Money Train. Time. 11 Dec. 1995 20-21. Cole, Lewis. Violence and the Meida The wrong controversy? 21stC. http//www.columbia.edu/cu/21stC/issue-1.2/Media.htm. (15 Nov. 1997). Greek, Cecil. Media and Reality. Crime and Media. http//www.fsu.edu/%7Ecrimdo/lecture1.html. (15 Nov. 1997). Murray, John P. Impact of Televised Violence. Kansas Journal of Law & Policy. 4.3 (1995) 7-14 Vivian, John. The Media of Mass Communication. 4th ed. Boston Allyn and Bacon. 1997.

Affirmative Action :: Affirmative Action Essays

For the past several years the personal line of credit over affirmative exploit has been a highly debated topic. The reduce at hand is whether or not affirmative action is reverse discrimination or not. Affirmative action by definition "means fetching positive steps to rarity discrimination, to prevent its recurrence, and to create new opportunities that were previously denied to qualified women and muckle of color," (Work & Family). The reason that affirmative action is so polemic is because Americans cant decide what they want. "Poll later on poll concludes that Americans firmly support "affirmative action" to create opportunities for women and people of color, while they vigorously oppose "quotas" and "preferences" for unqualified candidates," (Work & Family). Which is fishy considering that the same "affirmative action" that people support does in fact, in some cases, put unqualified personnel in undeserving position s. For those people who believe affirmative action kit and boodle they generally are only focusing on the diverseness affirmative action has brought to jobs. Their arguments consist of wanting to see more ethnic and gender diversity in jobs that are usually being worked by white males. To many of these people quality is sometimes put digression for quantity and diversity. The strongest argument that the people who are in support of affirmative action is that having more gender and ethnical diversity brings more to the work place. This argument is in truth good and very accurate. Having different people in different jobs helps a company to work and receive input from all sorts of different perspectives. Which leads to a better understanding of what a wider cross-section of the target market wants. On the other hand the people who support affirmative action also adjudge some not so strong arguments. The one that stands out the approximately is that companies dont try and fill qu otas in their gender and ethnical hiring. Instead it is done unaccompanied on skill alone. This is their weakest and most disputed argument. Especially when in many cases if two potential employees are close in skill the job willing more than likely go to the potential employee who is a minority. As in the case of capital of Minnesota Johnson versus Diane Joyce. Both had comparable skills, but even though Paul Johnsons oral interview was scored high than Diane Joyce it was her that was selected for the job. "The Court upheld the countys use of Ms. Joyces gender as a positive factor in choosing between these similarly-qualified candidates," (Work & Family).Affirmative carry through Affirmative Action Essays For the past several years the argument over affirmative action has been a highly debated topic. The issue at hand is whether or not affirmative action is reverse discrimination or not. Affirmative action by definition "means taking positive steps to end disc rimination, to prevent its recurrence, and to create new opportunities that were previously denied to qualified women and people of color," (Work & Family). The reason that affirmative action is so controversial is because Americans cant decide what they want. "Poll after poll concludes that Americans firmly support "affirmative action" to create opportunities for women and people of color, while they vigorously oppose "quotas" and "preferences" for unqualified candidates," (Work & Family). Which is odd considering that the same "affirmative action" that people support does in fact, in some cases, put unqualified personnel in undeserving positions. For those people who believe affirmative action works they generally are only focusing on the diversity affirmative action has brought to jobs. Their arguments consist of wanting to see more ethnic and gender diversity in jobs that are usually being worked by white males. To many of these people quality is sometimes put aside for quantity and diversity. The strongest argument that the people who are in support of affirmative action is that having more gender and ethnical diversity brings more to the work place. This argument is very good and very accurate. Having different people in different jobs helps a company to work and receive input from all sorts of different perspectives. Which leads to a better understanding of what a wider cross-section of the target market wants. On the other hand the people who support affirmative action also give some not so strong arguments. The one that stands out the most is that companies dont try and fill quotas in their gender and ethnical hiring. Instead it is done entirely on skill alone. This is their weakest and most disputed argument. Especially when in many cases if two potential employees are close in skill the job will more than likely go to the potential employee who is a minority. As in the case of Paul Johnson versus Dia ne Joyce. Both had comparable skills, but even though Paul Johnsons oral interview was scored higher than Diane Joyce it was her that was selected for the job. "The Court upheld the countys use of Ms. Joyces gender as a positive factor in choosing between these similarly-qualified candidates," (Work & Family).

Henry V - Film :: essays research papers

The picture palace uses mingled techniques to present a particular view of the struggle against France. What is that interpretation and how does the film convey it?Although the Branagh version of Shakespe atomic number 18s total heat V remains very close to the text, with completely a few lines left out of the film, the movie portrays a very clear and different message about war and Branaghs opinion on the matter. Henry V is fundamentally a play about war, and it would have been very easy for Branagh to take form his version of the play into a film that glorified war. Instead, Branagh took the fortune to make a statement about what he felt was the true essence of wars - twain medieval and modern.It is clear through Henry V that Branagh thinks that wars are a waste of precious human life, and in the end are fruitless, causing to a greater extent loss than gain. From the very first battle at Harfleur Branaghs downhearted opinion of war is shown. When we first see the fighti ng, it is dusk and the sky is further darkened by smoke, instantly creating a morbid feeling. Combined with the muddy and prankish terrain, the cheerless soldiers and the overbearing size of the castle which they hope to achieve, it is clear not only that the English army must fight against all the odds to win, merely that even the conditions are detrimental to the English cause.The shooting where Bardolph, Nym and Pistol are backing absent from the battle to save themselves is an important inclusion to the film. Had Branagh intended the film to be a glorification of war, this small scene could have easily been removed. However, he chose to backup it in his film because it actually assists the message which he attempts to convey. This scene, although calm clearly comical, as Shakespeare intended it to be, it implies that not all soldiers are valiant and brave and that war is so terrible that soldiers are willing to desert their friends and mate countrymen because of the hide ous nature of war.After the battle of Harfluer is won by the English and they begin to make their mien towards Agincourt, Branagh seizes the opportunity to show the viewer the victorious army. Although he could have shown them to be joyful with their win, Branagh instead shows the war-weary, bloody, wet and muddy soldiers. It is raining and so the already miserable soldiers, corroding torn and ragged clothing are forced to remit their heads as they slowly make their focussing down the road in a way reminiscent of a death march, the sombre mood of the scene assisted by the music.Henry V - Film essays research papers The film uses various techniques to present a particular view of the war against France. What is that interpretation and how does the film convey it?Although the Branagh version of Shakespeares Henry V remains very close to the text, with only a few lines left out of the film, the movie portrays a very clear and distinct message about war and Branaghs opinion on th e matter. Henry V is fundamentally a play about war, and it would have been very easy for Branagh to make his version of the play into a film that glorified war. Instead, Branagh took the opportunity to make a statement about what he felt was the true essence of wars - both medieval and modern.It is clear through Henry V that Branagh thinks that wars are a waste of precious human life, and in the end are fruitless, causing more loss than gain. From the very first battle at Harfleur Branaghs low opinion of war is shown. When we first see the fighting, it is dusk and the sky is further darkened by smoke, instantly creating a morbid feeling. Combined with the muddy and wet terrain, the cheerless soldiers and the overbearing size of the castle which they hope to achieve, it is clear not only that the English army must fight against all the odds to win, but that even the conditions are detrimental to the English cause.The scene where Bardolph, Nym and Pistol are backing away from the bat tle to save themselves is an important inclusion to the film. Had Branagh intended the film to be a glorification of war, this small scene could have easily been removed. However, he chose to keep it in his film because it actually assists the message which he attempts to convey. This scene, although still clearly comical, as Shakespeare intended it to be, it implies that not all soldiers are valiant and brave and that war is so terrible that soldiers are willing to desert their friends and fellow countrymen because of the hideous nature of war.After the battle of Harfluer is won by the English and they begin to make their way towards Agincourt, Branagh seizes the opportunity to show the viewer the victorious army. Although he could have shown them to be joyful with their win, Branagh instead shows the war-weary, bloody, wet and muddy soldiers. It is raining and so the already miserable soldiers, wearing torn and ragged clothing are forced to bow their heads as they slowly make thei r way down the road in a way reminiscent of a death march, the sombre mood of the scene assisted by the music.

Computer Games :: Descriptive Writing Examples

Computer GamesCrouching behind a twisted chunk of metal, I waited for the mortar blasts to subside. As soon as I could not hear the thunderous roar of explosions, I ducked out of my hiding place and ran up the beach. The whining ring of a bullet sounded through the silence, and I looked to see where the gunner was hiding. The enemy locked another bullet into the chamber and fired his scoped die. The bullet met flesh, and I fell to the ground. Only minutes before Willis and I had been sitting on the couch, listening to loud punk music. It was too hot outside to do anything, and the flies were out anyway. Inside was cooler and more hospitable, but tedium had set in. Day of Defeat? asked Willis in a muted drawl. Yah, I responded, and bounded up the stairs. Within minutes, Willis and I had booted up his computer, connected to the internet, and logged onto a clan server of Day of Defeat. Suddenly we were not in the messy upstairs of Willis house, but on a virtual battlefield, slowly wo rking up towards an enemy encampment up the beach. In a matter of seconds I was killed by an enemy sniper, who was carefully protecting his teams base, Willis took over, choosing a more accurate rifle over the clunky machine gun I had chosen.Willis computer desk was a heap of gaming equipment and disks. On the shelf above the desk, a row of superannuated games were lined up with surgical precision. The old games were never used, so they were never out of order. Below the shelf, on the desk, lay a stack of new games, their wrappers and cases, handbooks and outline guides. A PC Gamer magazine lay in among the countless piles of demo disks Willis had picked up here and there. Rising from the mess was the brand new Elements 19-inch monitor, emitting a cold, bluish glow. The keyboard sported a custom key cover, changing the standard set of keys into the control panel of a complex helicopter, and the W, A, D and S keys-- the keys which are unremarkably used to control a character-- wer e smudges and worn down compared to the rest of the clean new keys. The brand new high accuracy optical mouse glowed a dull reddish color, and sat on top of a cat-theme mouse pad Willis dad had bought.

Escaping the Chains of Slavery Essay -- Slavery Essays

In the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave Written by Himself, Douglass writes about his life in slavery. Douglass portrays how he overcame being separated from his mother, of witnessing a slave being whipped for the first time and enduring his servitude for multiple masters. However, his major triumphs in life were moving to Baltimore, overcoming illiteracy and gaining his freedom.Douglass was in the midst of the age of seven or eight when he was sent to live in Baltimore, a move that would forever change his life. He was introduced to a antithetic way of living for a slave. For example, on the plantation slaves were subject to merciless beatings, hunger, and cold. Clothing was provided, but if slaves did not sustain them throughout the year, they were forced to walk nigh half-naked. However, in Baltimore slaves were permitted to walk in the street as free men and women they were properly dressed and well fed. Furthermore, it was considered an emb arrassment to the slaveholder if their neighbors noticed they were not supply their slaves adequately. Baltimore was of great importance since this is where he was sent to live with his new mistress, who forever changed his life. At the beginning of his stay in Baltimore, his new mistress, Sophia Auld teaches Douglass his A, B, Cs. However, when her husband sense out what was going on, he put a stop to it. Mr. Auld said, If you teach that nigger how to read, there would be no keeping him. It w...

Escaping the Chains of Slavery Essay -- Slavery Essays

In the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave written by Himself, Douglass writes about his life in slavery. Douglass portrays how he overcame being separated from his mother, of witnessing a slave being whipped for the first time and enduring his servitude for multiple masters. However, his major(ip) triumphs in life were moving to Baltimore, overcoming illiteracy and gaining his freedom.Douglass was between the age of seven or eight when he was sent to live in Baltimore, a consort that would forever change his life. He was introduced to a different way of living for a slave. For example, on the plantation slaves were subject to merciless beatings, hunger, and cold. Clothing was provided, but if slaves did non sustain them throughout the year, they were forced to walk around half-naked. However, in Baltimore slaves were permitted to walk in the street as free men and women they were properly dressed and hearty fed. Furthermore, it was considered an embarrassment to the slaveholder if their neighbors noticed they were not feeding their slaves adequately. Baltimore was of great importance since this is where he was sent to live with his new mistress, who forever changed his life. At the beginning of his confront in Baltimore, his new mistress, Sophia Auld teaches Douglass his A, B, Cs. However, when her husband find out what was going on, he put a stop to it. Mr. Auld said, If you teach that nigger how to read, in that respect would be no keeping him. It w...

The metaphorical language

The metaphorical language is not unusual in the English language. It is used variedly and in truth often not just as a salmagundi of speech. Metaphors ar a form of thought with its distinct epistemological functions. A metaphor is a direct comparison surrounded by deuce or more seemingly unrelated subjects. It is a description of the first subject as being or equal to the second subject in a way. The implicit and explicit attributes of the second subjects ar used to enhance the second subjects description. This form is usually used in literature to convey tones or associations to correlate context. Used in rhetoric, metaphors are direct equation of terms that is more bumptious than just simple analogy of subjects. It provides foundation for thinking, reasoning and spirit of our culture.(2006)Metaphor is greatly used in comprising ordinary concepts, motivating semantic change and meaning of lingual expressions and in a way influencing raft to make sense of the true meaning s of words. Ordinary concepts are explained through mentioning their similarities and differences against one another. Semantic change potty be brought forth by metaphors used properly and metaphors used greatly enhance how meanings are given to words and concepts. Using metaphors allows writers and people in general to convey ideas that are creatively put in a way and that is easier to understand that just utilise the literal language. Metaphors are directly stated and can help capture the true essence between two subjects distinctiveness. Metaphors not only perform its functions in literary writing, it as well as has social functions.The use of metaphors reinforces the connection between speaker and listeners. We realize that the popularity of the use of metaphors is due to the fact that people use and understand them. There is an instant connection between speakers and listeners if a metaphorical expression is used because most metaphors are commonly used. Metaphors are often used by philosophers wish Plato in their arguments and speeches to convey ideas and expressions. Metaphors help them explains these concepts more to their listeners, even at time enhance the meanings in the concepts they use. It also gives other people the individual approach and beliefs of each one of us. Metaphors are consistently used in semipolitical reasoning and justification of foreign policies.Given the said quotation by Richard Gibbs in 1994, we will evaluate the use of metaphors in politics. How metaphors are used, what metaphors are used, and what are the meanings and implications of these metaphors. This exploration of the usage of metaphors will help us understand why metaphors are great influence in our lives. They are not only used as a language and as words to express, but also have meaning which holds significant importance to each of us. Often times, metaphors are used because it is discover and easier to understand them than the literal form of language used. T his happens when people realize the association between the concepts. This strengthens how the words and concepts are used by people.In recent political language, metaphors are clearly seen used frequently by people. An election campaign, for example, is referred to as a war or race of candidate vying for a certain position in the government. Other metaphors used in politics constantly change with time and location, and several meaning can be diverse due to certain persons understanding of the concrete metaphor. An example of metaphors used in government language is nanny politics. This is referred to as laws and bills characterize as a protection for the masses against bad entrepreneurs concord to critics. Consumer protection laws are coined as mommy politics, laws that outlaws anything that is dangerous for anyone no matter where they are. These understanding are criticisms often addressed in metaphors. (2006)Metaphors according to Gibbs are also the link used between a concept a nd the bodily experience.(Miyakoshi 2006) The difference between embodied metaphor and abstraction from experience is distinguishable from the rise of metaphors from reality. The concepts are from the experiences of the individual in this case, metaphors of politics are derived from observations of the people regarding how the reality in politics works. In a study conducted by Vervaeke and Kennedy in 1996 draws their analysis on several metaphors with regards to a study also done by Lakoff and Johnson in 1980.They both presented a broad range of interpretations of the metaphors used not only in politics but also other areas as well. In political context, for example, the statement argument is war can be interpreted in sundry(a) ways. The researchers concluded that whenever the words maneuver, strategy or defend are used, any of which are used as metaphors for the other words as well. The intentions of these metaphors are to express the underlying concepts of either a war, athletic competition or a game.(Ritchie 2004) The history regarding depicting metaphors as important speech forms in companionship had been part of Lakoff and Johnson researches done in 1980. The study regarding metaphors had concluded a lot of observations that Richard Gibbs agrees to as well.War and race is very much used in the metaphors used in politics. The metaphors used in politics are greatly seen as correlated with observations regarding how the political system works. This enables people to derive their interpretation of the metaphors. Evaluating the quote regarding politics using metaphors used in war and sports is due to the observations of people on politics being confrontations. It may also be because people see politics like events seen in war and in sports. In sports, people compete, challenge one another, win and lose. This is also seen in politics. This presents a strong relationship between the two subjects and entities to be compared to one another. In war, there is also the fact of losing and winning a war, the defeat and the triumph is also experienced in politics. There are many contributing factors as to why these three subjects are interrelated often times. Metaphors are one way to express the similarities observed by people with the subjects concerned.Metaphors are strongly and often used in politics to address an idea and expression. The language is simple, often times very understandable by people. The meanings for these metaphors can greatly change over time and place, whether it may be negative or a positive attribution of the subjects. Through metaphors, words can be played creatively with meanings still discernable. The effectiveness of the metaphors can be gauged by how the meanings still remain after the attribution done with different concepts. Meanings are in people. A cohesive meaning attributed to a specific metaphor is effective in expressing in another way the concepts in politics.(2006). metaphors. Retrieved october 22, 2006, f rom http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphor.(2006). metaphors. Retrieved october 22, 2006, from http//webserve.govst.edu/users/ghrank/Political/Not-So-Great%20Expectations/metaphors.htm.Miyakoshi, R. R. a. K. (2006) Eighth speaker unit Raymond GibbsQuestions and Answer. Volume, 1 DOIRitchie, L. D. (2004). Lost in Conceptual SpaceMetaphors of Conceptual Integration.References, 2006 2Graff, 2006 5Kvecses, 2006 8Zyngier, 2006 9

Sociological Perspectives of Violence

The focus of this paper is an overview of different research articles on racism and structural force-out against the aboriginal. Violence will be looked at from three schools of thoughts namely the structural, conflict and process theories. The views of these different approaches to madness will be critically analyzed, but no value judgments will be placed on whatever of their perceptions of violence. Racism According to Headley (2000), racism is the infliction of unequal consideration, motivated by the desire to dominate, based on race all (p. 23). Headley skinther explains that this definition accommodates the distinction between true racism which is the desire to harm or dominate others solely on the basis of race, and ordinary racism which he sees as universal features of human biology (p. 224). Headley further maintained that a racist is non merely someone who wishes to put d accept others race, but also suppress and assert his/her own superiority done a crimson mak e up (p. 224).Naiman (2006) defines racism as hostility, aggression, and antagonism toward non-members of a particular group based on their physical char operationeristics, notably skin colour (p. 265). Similarly, Spencer (1998) sees racism as the transformation of race prejudice and / or ethnocentrism through the exercise of power against a racial group defined as inferior, by individual and institution (p. 1). To infer from the foregoing definitions, a common dimension of racism is the belief that ones own race is superior to another.This belief is based on the erroneous assumption that physical attributes of members of a racial group determine their social demeanor as well as their psychological and intellectual characteristics (Spencer, 1998, p. 5). Historical Roots of Racism. The term racism became popularized in the slowly 1960s during the civil rights movement (Headley, 2000, p. 235). Prior to this time according to Headley, the term ethnic prejudice was spendd (p. 236). Naiman (2006) posits that racism is a relatively late phenomenon, and its issue as a systematic world-view developed concurrently with the rise of capitalist and its global expansion (p. 66) Naiman further explains that some scholars define forms of social intolerance foregoing to this capitalist era as racism, but he however debates that such social intolerance is more precisely seen as ethnocentrism (preference for ones own cultural traditions) or ethnic chauvinism (antagonism towards a particular group) (p. 267).Racism in Canada According to Naiman (2006), some Canadians like to believe that racism is a relatively recent phenomenon linked to modern immigration patterns or comp ard to United States, Canada has little history of overt racism (p. 69). Naiman, however, argues that racism in Canada has a long and sordid past, which in reality as described by him is an unsightly history swept under the threadb ar rug of its national myths (p. 269). Naiman further maintained that the history of racism in Canada begins with the subjugation of Canadas aboriginal state. Violence Anglin (1998), states that an uncontroversial, exhaustive and precise definition of violence is difficult to find. Violence is understood as an incident in which an acting individual intentionally injures another (p. 146).Anglin further explains that the action of the perpetrator can be physical, or psychological. In same vein, Steinmetz (1989) defines violent as an act carried out with the intension of, or perceived as having the intension of physically hurting another person. Strasburg (1978) defines violence as illegal use or threat of force against a person. From the foregoing, it can be infer that violent behavior means physical force exerted for the purpose of violating or abusing. on that point atomic number 18 three key terms which are likely to be present for any action to be classified as a violent act.The action must be intentional, force may be applied and the action mus t result in harm (physical, psychological and emotional). Human behaviour does not occur in isolation or in vacuum but it is influenced by the interplay of many other factors. Consequently, different schools of thoughts about violence, view any violent act as a precursor of other factors. For example, the Conflict, geomorphological, and Process theories. Conflict possible action Conflict theory is better understood as the bolshie theory. According to the theory, Crime is perceived as a function of competition for limited resources.That is, a social status in which an individual is perceived evaluated and inured accordingly by legal authorities. The Marxist view is that conflict between these class-based social hierarchies, the haves (bourgeoisie), and has not (proletariat) that produces violent behavior. According to Holmes (1988), the difference between these two classes is a matter of relative power . Holmes further explains that the ruling class have sufficient power hence, th ey are able to label some proletariats behavior as criminal Structural theoryThe structural theory on the other hand, sees violence from the perception of cultural forces or neighborhood conditions. That is, our behavior is a product of our environment. The world we live in, shapes our lives. Since our environment is not static, our behavior revolves around this dynamism. The structural approach holds the view that the way certain things are structured by the hostel creates violent acts. For example, consider the film Elephant the structural theory will argue that it is because of the way society is structured, that people are able to acquire weapons to preserve violence.Similarly, heterogeneity of society inherently creates violence. This is because according to the theory, there is bound to be such issues as cultural or religious conflicts due to these differences. Process theory According to the proponent of this theory, crime is a function of socialization and upbringing. Deli nquent behaviour is learned like every other behavior through knowledge with significant others and reference groups, especially parents and peers. It is through observation and interaction with these significant others we learn techniques for engaging in delinquent acts.According to Process theory, all forms of violent acts are learned through imitation and observation. For example in the movie Elephant, the Process theory argues that the two serial killers learned such violent acts through the use of violent computer games and imitation of the Nazis leader, Hitler. The argument advanced by these different schools of thought appears convincing, because violence in society can be explained through to each one of these approaches. When these schools of thought are viewed critically, there appears to be a probing question that needs to be answered.Among each of these theories which contributes more to violence in society? Considering the importance of each of these schools of thoug ht, it will be difficult if not impossible to adequately explain violence from the perception of one of these approaches. This is true because each of these approaches interplay to influence ones behaviour depending on the situation. For example, using the movie Elephant, the Process Theory will argue that the serial killers learned their dastardly act through watching violent video games (observation) their attempt to imitate Nazis leader Hitler was the precursor of their actions.On the other hand, the Structural Theory will argue that it is because of the way society is structured that the serial killers were able acquired guns to perpetuate their acts. Similarly, if society is structured in such a way that getting violent computer games are more or less impossible to get, perhaps the killers might not be able to procure such weaponry or learn violent behaviour. In same vein, the Conflict Approach says the power struggle between the ruling class and the working class creates imb alance family structure, which they claim resulted in poor agnatic upbringing.This results in violent acts because the children are not properly catered for. The Role and Effect of the mass media on Violence Research on media influence in violence has been concerned with possible negative effects of exposure to violent films. What messages, for example do children take away from their exposure to various violent movies? According to the observational Learning Theory Bandura, et al, in their Bobo doll study cited in Holmes (1988), explains that the media encourages children to solve their problems by violent means they further maintain that constant exposure to violence normalizes violence (p. 100).Critics of the Bobo doll experiment have pointed out that the doll was the type of toy that invited aggression, and also since the filmstrip used in the experiment lacked a plot, it contained no apology for the violence of children. .Other scholars like Alfred Hitchcocks as cited in Holm es (1988) argues that tracing the direct effects of the media is a very difficult task. The reason for this according to him is that when the media operates in the inwrought environment, their influence is only one factor among many other factors this is because what they see and hear is most likely monitored by their parents (p. 8). Hitchcock further explains that even when children are overt to violent movies through the media, this violent act is further reinforced if the parents, themselves also engages in any forms of violence. The media reflects nearly every aspect of a society these reflections are not necessarily accurate. This is because violence is not accurately represented by the media. The news media in particular, provides an important forum in which violent acts are selectively gathered up, invested with a broader meaning, and make available to public consumption (Ksenych, 2003, p. 35).The media has the power to shape the issue and to shape the consciousness of viewe rs by sensationalizing and trivializing cases of abuse. A good example of this is the misleading representation of the percentage of violence as reported by the media and the one reported by statistics Canada (Ksenych, 2003 p. 35). Structural Violence Structural Violence according to Anglin (1998) is violence produced by structures of domination, form of expropriation of vital economic and non-material resources and operations of systems of social stratification or categorization that subvert peoples chances of survival (p. 46). Through structural forms of violence, persons are socially and culturally marginalized in ways that deny them the opportunity for emotional and physical wellbeing.Walker (2003) sees Structural Violence as the constraints on human potential caused by economic and political structures (p. 1). Similarly, Fiske (2006) contrasts Structural Violence and Direct Violence. Fiske argues that structural violence is manifested in social inequalities, and almost always invisible, embedded in social structures. Direct violent on the other hand, is overt and has a perpetrator of the harmful actions (p. 47). Thus, structural violence occurs whenever people are at disadvantaged by political, economic and cultural traditions. Structural Violence on the Aboriginal People The stolen generation is the name generally effrontery to the Aboriginal families adopted into non Aboriginal families as a result of government policies on assimilation (Mellor, 2006, p. 82). According to Holmes (1998) the first British and French colonist made contact with the Aborigines primarily to exploit their labour power in the fur trade (p. 270). Holmes further explains that the Aborigines were under paid in exchange of their labour.Furthermore, as the fur trade declined and agriculture expanded the colonists forcefully took over the valuable lands inhabited by the Aboriginal people. Fiske (2006) sees structural violence against the Aboriginal from the perception of cultural m arginalization. Fiske explains afterwards confederation, the Canadian government used assimilation to gain control over the Aborigines. The tool used to promote this end was the Indian act of 1876 (p. 248). This act not only controls every aspect of the lives of the native people, but it also laid out who would be bound or not bound by the act.For example, the positioning Indians were those bound by the act, and were prohibited by the act from owning lands, from voting, and from purchasing or consuming alcohol. By same token, the groups not included in the act are Non-Status Indian. Fiske further explains that prior to 1985, the Aborigines women were excluded from Indian register when they married non-Indians. Similarly, these women were not only forced out of their community, but were also stripped of their rights to property inheritance. The children natural in this marriage were also denied Indian status.By same token, Walker, (2003) explains that there was also forms of struc tural violence against indigenous knowledge production (p. 37). This is evidence in Eurocentric research paradigms which distort indigenous experience as expressed in the following quote To assume that phenomena from another world view can be adequately explained from a totally foreign world view is the essence of psychological and philosophical imperialism. Consequently, forcing indigenous researchers to fit their approach within horse opera paradigms ignores the infix that all research paradigms have a pecific cultural foundation. Walker further explains that this cultural bias of the dominant western society is based on the assumptions that the western methodology was universal (p. 38). From the foregoing, it can be seen that the indigenous people of Canada were not only subjected to forms of inhuman condition, they saw the theft of their resources and culture, marginalization, and discrimination (Naiman, 2006, p. 272).

Four types of evidence in a criminal investigation Essay

What argon the four emblems of evidence in a outlaw probe? A Evidence is either genuine entropy (information), which can be presented in various forms. The actual information relevant to the correct resolution of the case can be obtained (determined) by the accost by explanations of the parties, third parties and their representatives, testimony, written and material evidence, expert opinions. Basic types of the evidence comprise physical, documentary, demonstrative, and a testimony kind. The evidence is a type of information concerning authorized(p) issues received by the investigatory process. Physical evidence is a type of evidence is an actual object that can be touchable and investigated. Documentary evidence can be in the form of a letter, receipt, testaments, etc. Photos and videos or chats can present demonstrative type. Witnesses usually deliver testimony kind of evidence.What are individual characteristics? Give an example of an individual characteristic? A Indivi dual characteristic is a type of evidence that presents an induvial description of a certain object. hither an expert takes into consideration while examining a certain subject, crabbedly evidence. All marks, irregular features, and imperfections are taken into account. The DNA can present a knowing example of an individual characteristic. DNA profile from a bloodstain can present one of the useful and significant types of evidence in a criminal investigation procedure.What is the difference between individual characteristics and class characteristics? A An individual characteristic is usually based on the analysis of certain objects. This particular object is investigated, and its briny marks and features are described. On the contrary, a class characteristic is a characteristic presenting feature of a certain class of objects. It is related to a certain group. The second type of features, particularly class characteristics turned to be more useful and efficient in the investigat ory process, as it enables to receive more data acting match to the exclusion method.What are physical and chemical properties? Give an example of each. A Each object, particularly evidence, possesses some properties enabling to identify this particular object within a variety of available ones. There two basic type of properties physical and chemical. Physical properties can be examined without the conduct of any experiments. Moreover, they cannot influence chemical properties of an object. To the physical properties of an object belong, for example, color and smell. Chemical properties can change the chemical features of a matter, and they influence molecular composition. These chemical features can support various reactions and change its characteristics. To this group of properties belong, for example, the reactivity of water, the content of liquids in blood, etc.What do forensic scientists do to collect and preserve soil samples? A The parturiency of forensic scientists is to carefully collect soil samples and take them to the lab, maximally avoiding an influence of external factors. Their samples are very sensitive and specific. The soil is a physical type of evidence, and it can change the influence of various factors. That is why an expert has to be maximally careful to receive exact and credible results. They have to try to maximally preserve the primary features of the evidence.Critical thinking questionsWhy do you think forensic scientists are so careful that the tests they do are sensitive, reproducible, and specific? What major power happen if they were less careful about this? A In my opinion, the task of the forensic scientists is to be maximally careful to preserve all the chemical data that the soil samples may enable to get. If they are less careful about their samples, the test results may be not very accurate. What is more, the samples may provide no info, which may be useful in the investigatory process.Which type of evidence do you t hink is more or less useful in an investigation? Why? A I believe the most credible and useful type of criminal evidence is a physical sample. Physical evidence includes material objects that have properties that deliberate the circumstances of a crime in the form of traces, origin, etc. The information contained in material objects, transmitted through direct perception of the features of the subject is the most credible way to receive data that may apply to the investigatory process.Why do you think that forensic scientists continue to look for class characteristics given(p) their limitations? A The task of forensic scientists is demands the responsible attitude, as they need to provide the investigatory experts with the data, that may enable them to reveal a crime. A tendency according to which they continue to look for class characteristics given their limitations turned to be the most prolific. The reason for that is simple it enables to receive the data enabling to find th e answer maximally quickly and effectively. For example, the characteristics of various types of guns can be used as a helpful tool in the determination of weapons used by a criminal in the process of committing a crime.

New Jersey Insurance Company Essay

1. In what ways does Mr. Somersby control the operation of the sections of his character? In what ways does top management control the operations of the righteousness stratum? Mr. Somersby controls the operation of the segmentation by requiring reports from each section of his division. Which such reports he was able to monitor the performance as well as the expenditures of each section. The law division has about five sections to which two of them seem more crucial than the others. This is because such section handle accounts that can either make or flop the financial status not only of their division but of the company as well. Because of the importance of such sections, Mr. Somersby conducts conferences with the sections in order to determine if there argon any problems during their operation and to prep be for future developments. The top management controls the law division by monitoring the financial standing of the division through the essential reports that they acquir e.They screen discrepancies and questionable differences in cost through comparison with the divisions previous financial report. They are able to do because of the established measuring rod they have set from their years of experience most of the employees have been retained due to their costly training. Thus, hiring of new employees are avoided unless needed and frequent transactions in their routinary operation. They require the division to set computes, and monitor their projected costs from their incurred cost. The same goes to Mr. Somersby. When large deficits are detected they questions such occurrence in order to justify the incurred cost or to make certain actions for the situation to desist.2. What possibilities for improving control, if any, do you think should be explored? Since budget plans seems to be crucial in their company, they should try to establish more definite parameters for their reports especially for the corporate loan division. They should incorporate th e factor of TIME with their reports. For doing almost routinary transactions and for handling such situations for a longer period of time, the examiners should have a clearer gauge as to how long their transactions would be. By sending reports on a timelier manner they would be able to have more reliable figures for their budget estimates. As for larger accounts likethose of the corporate loans, they should also try to look not only outsourcing on the legal matter but for investment matters as well. They could consider hiring consultants that have a larger network in these matter in order to have a broader reference in the evaluation process.These financial experts competency be able to help them more in accessing mortgages, company and individual net worth and the market standing of any investment. With this, just like on legal matters, these too can be a form of marketing, because they can claim to have a more reliable service because of the presence of financial experts that ar e not tied with their company. Thus unbiased reports and projections. They should also coordinate with the government in some cases so that they could keep track and prepare for any constitution changes in their area that might affect the prices of their resources but that of their needed inputs as well.3. As Mr. Montgomery, what comments would you make and what questions would you ask Mr. Somersby about the performance of the two sections of the law division for the first 6 months of 1987? As Mr. Montgomery, my comments for Mr. Somersby would be as follows There have been huge deviations on the projected budget and the actual budget of the law division. much particularly, the individual loan section has incurred most of those deviations. From the figures, it seems that the corporate loan section had lesser number of transactions compared to their previous year. It seems that the individual loan section has engaged an outsider which is different because their division has careful ly trained and well experienced examiners, and has not required to have one from the previous years. The questions would be as followsWhat are the reasons of the over budget?What are your plans in order to prevent your division from incurring these deviations? Why was an additional labor for the individual loan sections made? How uprise the budgeted number of employees was 26 and the actual number of employees was 24? Since, employing additional labor for the individual loan section happened, is there a need to employ a new permanent worker? Were some of the people from the corporate loan section laid off? Are there any management problems in the corporate loan section? Have you considered employing financial experts instead of outsourcing them? What would become of the division then?

Contemporary International Problems Essay

The fall in States of America experienced various disputes and wars in its history. Some of these armed conflicts do not only(prenominal) take place within their boundaries because there are also some battles that they have to fight in an another(prenominal) countrys territory. The reasons for engaging in such warfare may either directly or indirectly involve the U. S. However, one thing is sure, that in the countrys every community there is a veritcap open interest that its officials want to fulfill.This kind of situation is what exactly took place in the U. S. ntervention in the Vietnam contend. The U. S. government wants to achieve a certain national interest that will work for their benefits. The Vietnam War started in 1954 when the Communist-led parties of the Vietnamese Nationalist and the Vietminh army defeated the French forces. France was forced to recognize North Vietnam as communist while leaving the Southern part of the country as non-communist. Nevertheless, the U. S. did not approve this situation especially the establishment of communist leadership in North Korea.President Dwight D.Eisenhower fiated the establishment of political machinery in South Vietnam. This includes creating a government that replaced the French leadership as well as deploying war machine advisers that will train the South Vietnam army. The Central Intelligence Agency of the U. S. also employed psychological warfare in order to weaken North Vietnam. The United States government explicitly expressed its participation and commitment in the Vietnam War when they ordered continuous air bombing in North Vietnam by style of the Tonkin Golf Resolution.The war ended in January 1973 through a diplomatic agreement that resulted in the U. S. withdrawal from Vietnam in exchange for the release of U. S. prisoners (Rotter, 1999). The intervention of the U. S. in the Vietnam War is part of their national interest of establishing democracy in different countries and controls the spr ead of fabianism. During the Cold War two conflicting forces are involved that is to say the Communist bloc and the Democratic bloc. The U. S. leads the Democratic group, which is why they are doing all the necessary means to combat communism.Their intervention in the Vietnam War is an effort to quit other Asian countries from following the principles of communism especially since Ho Chi Minh is the one leading the Northern part of the country (Rotter, 1999). The American government believes that communism is an enemy because it defies every value and principle that the U. S. upholds such as free trade and democracy. In relation to this the operations of the U. S. against the Communist bloc is largely low-level upon their belief in the Domino Theory.The Domino Theory is similar to a set of dominoes wherein toppling one of it will result for the others to follow suit. In the similar manner, Vietnam represents the first domino that toppled down. The U. S. deemed that if they wil l not intervene in the Vietnam War other countries in the Southeast Asian region would also adhere to communism (Rotter, 1999). Another reason for U. S. involvement in the Vietnam War is their goal of influencing other countries to follow the path of democracy and adhere to the values and principles that the U. S. stands for.By doing so, the U. S. ould be able to win their battle with the soviet bloc and at the same time establish their position as the worlds superpower. The U. S. government encouraged other countries to follow their ideals by giving military and economic aid to them. This is observable when they helped France in maintaining its Indochina colonies. The U. S. also applied the Domino Theory in acquiring more(prenominal) countries in their side. They think that by showing other countries the development of France, they would choose democracy over communism, as this would entail more benefits for them (Rotter, 1999).The U. S. intervention in the Vietnam War clearly sho ws that the country tend to intervene in others affairs in order to accomplish their national interests. The U. S. government used the resources that they have in order to pursue their objectives. They took advantage of the conflicts that is happening in the other parts of the world so that they could defeat the soviet bloc and control the spread of communism. In doing so, they were able to emerge as one of the most powerful countries in the world.

Marketing plan Essay

kraft paper nutrition (Nabisco) has been working since the class 1898. For about 109 years, they have increase through natural growth, mergers and obtainments.This positive concomitant permits Nabisco to be the chief of the snack maker. Being the main snack maker has permit Nabisco to get into a diverse selection of diets. However, Nabisco has been indisposed to adjust to the rate of flow market trends. The connection had an composition to concentrate on creating and producing impertinent versions of the existing products to make them to a greater extent convenient for the consumers.However, Nabisco was overpassing that other companies were doing the same thing they were creating similar products that were cheaper and healthy for consumers. Lately, Nabisco understood and found out about this trend so they began creating healthier foods such as low carb foods, 100-calorie snack packs and low fat foods. By creating and producing these untested products, Nabisco has a greate r opportunity to be the consumers option single and be the number oneness keep company for those people who wants to start a healthy flavor style.The new Fat lax Chips Ahoy that Kraft (Nabisco) will be presenting to the society next year will be setting Nabisco as a company that is ready to support those that have decide to have a healthy eating life style. Nabisco is expecting that the new Fat Free Chips Ahoy turn into the number one fat free snacks on the market. Nabisco also expects to increase and expand to other fat free products like Chips Ahoy ice cream, Chips Ahoy piecrust and snack size packages of Fat Free Chips Ahoy for vending machines.2. smart set description In 1903, James L. Kraft from Ontario, Canada, created a cheese-delivery business in Chicago. This business was named Kraft, it was producing cheese as well as distributing it, and with the past of the years the company expands in a big way.Karft-Phenix became a subsidiary of the National Dairy Product Corp in 1930 and in 1923 it was founded by Thomas H. Mclnnerney. Initially the firm was planned to execute in the fragmented United States ice cream industry but later it change vagary and expanded into a full range of dairy products. This business expanded its brand internationally in more than 155 countries. It is consider the largest food company in the United States and in the number two position worldwide, behind Nestl S.A.The firm has two primary operating unitsKraft Foods North America and Kraft Foods International and its brands are divided into five main sectors snacks, beverages, cheese, grocery and convenient meals. Seven through eleven of Krafts brands bring in more than $1 billion in revenues each year.The company is headquartered in Northbrook, Illinois, a Chicago suburb. Its European headquarters is in Glattpark, Opfikon, Switzerland. Kraft is an independent public company, it is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and became a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Averag e on September 22, 2008, replacing the American International Group (www.wikipedia.com).Kraft Food Inc., was concentrating in producing new versions of the existing products to make them more accessible to the consumers. However, they were overpassing the fact that others companies were creating similar products that were healthier and cheaper. Lately, Kraft realized this problem and began creating healthier foods such as low carb foods, 100- calories snack packs (fat free Chips Ahoy) and low-fat foods.The new Fat Free Chips Ahoy that Nabisco, a sister brand of Kraft Food Inc., will be introducing next year will concrete Kraft as a company that is well disposed to support those that have embrace that healthy eating life style. Nabisco (Kraft) is hopping that the new Fat Free Chips Ahoy will be the best and leading fat free snack on the market.3. Strategic Focus and PlanKraft food Inc., do business according to seven important strategies 1) build superior node brand value, 2) build supper demand through superior customer collaboration, 3) transubstantiate the portfolio, 4) expand global scale, 5) drive out cost and assets, 6) strengthen employee and organisational excellence7) and act responsibility (www.kraftfoodscompany.com). 1. Build superior brand value exist in improving the follows products, using more value-added packaging, and develop innovative new products and managing price gaps effectively. 2. Build shopper demand through superior customer collaboration recognizes the importance of the Companys retail partners in fulfilling its vision.The Company and the customer works together in order to better understand the customer behavior in their stores, to develop in-store programs that can increase the shopper demand and decrease costs through more efficient store delivery systems.3. Transform the portfolio The Company is expanding the shift in its portfolio toward business through investment, innovation, acquisition and divestiture (whether global, re gional or local) to offer the Company a sustainable competitive advantage, and will better enable its management to focus on opportunities that meet consumer needs and create long-term value of the Company.4. Expand the Companys global scale they focused on increasing its growth prospects in key developing markets that offer the greatest growth potential. In addition, the Company is expanding its marketing and infrastructure investments in large, growing markets, such as Brazil, Mexico, China and Russia.5. Drive out costs and assets Contains the Companys announced three- year restructuring program, with the objectives of realigning and decreasing its cost structure and optimizing capacity utilization. 6. Strengthen employee and organizational excellence reflects the need to develop organizational capabilities and support employees in meeting the Companys business challenges, wherever they work.7. Act responsibly As the Company struggle for sustainable growth, its seeks business succ ess in shipway that honor legal and legal standards and that it also respect people, communities and the natural environment. This strategy involves a allegiance to a strong obedience and integrity programs and sound corporate governance, as well as a number of health and wellness initiatives, such as enrich nutrition labeling. MissionThe mission of Kraft Food is to assist people around the world to eat and live better (GLP). They have the idea to meet the consumers in order to found out their needs, so they can make the food healthier, easier and more enjoyable part of life.They want their consumers to consider them as their first snack food choice. They carefully let the consumers to know how they keep in their mind their wants and needs in order to create the products that will mess to their health conscious lifestyles. VisionTheir vision is to inform the world, customers, employees, consumers and communities where they sell and make their products. They stated the importance of health and wellness, but they also incorporate all the ways people can eat and live better, such as the comfort of a microwave meal, the enjoyment of a snack and the safety and value of their products. GoalsTo introduce the Fat Free Chips Ahoy in January of 2012. To win new customers who are trying to take care of their weight by decreasing their fat intake. To make Chips Ahoy one of the leading fat free snacks on the market

A brief analysis of the positive and negative effects of adolescent working

Adolescent clobbering is associated with both positive and prejudicial effects. Apart from their indulgence in delinquent behavior, they atomic number 18 in like manner more unlikely to meet academic requirements too. This apart any negative feelings with the workplace, can itself produce have a depressing effect. However there are also many positive effects associated with their early fundamental interaction with the industry and work attitudes.They learn to manage themselves with an eye for savings and future life. It cannot be defied that this is a crucial phase of life for an insubstantial individual and any external support could help immensely, in meeting the demands placed on the individual.The adolescent breaker point is perhaps the most difficult phase of life for any individual. This child-to-adult transition phase is associated with both physical and mental changes. In their adolescence years, children experience greater mental growth as they try to keep up with the related physical and sexual explicatements, associated with this period.Adolescents experience difficulty in adapting to the unexpected sudden rise in sexual and aggressive drives. These changes on them produce confusion and they struggle to come to terms with their understanding of the world around them.The physical development in adolescents affects their habits and interaction in several ways. By their mid-adolescence, their emotional and intellectual abilities are increased and they seek adventure and are willing to experiment different ideas.They seek to develop an identity for themselves, be independent and achieve. Adolescents would want to weaken their ties and their dependence, on their parents. They look for an employment to facilitate only these requirements.Research has shown that adolescents taking to work are associated with positive and negative effects. Among the skill sets they acquire through work are time management abilities, marketing capabilities, managing f inances etc.Apart from gaining work experience, they develop good work habits and experience pecuniary independence. It has been estimated that about 50% of the students save from their earnings even as they reach their tenth grade. Their interest in working is driven by aspirations of a graduate(prenominal) standard of life and a passion to buy things they need.Adolescents use their money mainly on expenses associated with car, their clothing and education (McDowell and Futris, 2001). They also save for their college while assist their parents with their domestic expenses.An adolescents positive perception of industry and employment is boosted by early encouraging experiences. Emphasizing on the benefits associated with early employment, the government too has encouraged high school students to seek part time employment (Net industries, 2008).A 1999 study by Barling and Kelloway found that about 80% of high school graduates have worked at to the lowest degree on one part-time job. Among the significant benefits of working, while at high school are that it helps in the transformation from school to workplace, and in developing a work psyche. Parents too encourage youth employment as it promotes independence and responsibility.Unfortunately adolescent employment is more associated with negative outcomes, than its benefits. Their employment deprives them of sufficient time with their homework, so forcing them to make it up by manipulating by copying and cheating. They tend to cut classes to make up for the time worn out(p) on the job.Apart from a decline in academic achievements, they are influenced by other factors existing in their work places. These effects are lesser among adolescents who work for lesser number of hours and therefore buy the farm to spend more time with their parents.Adolescents working for more than 20 hours a week develop delinquent and problematic behaviors. Adolescents are exposed to other adults in their workplace, devoid of any parental guidance, and they acquire habits and behaviors that are not appropriate to their age, although it may suit an adult (Dufur, 2002).When youth find themselves in a work setting, they are more focused on employed adults as role models, rather than school completed seniors. They have lesser time for eating, exercising or sleeping which has its own physical or mental effects.Adolescents having complaints at work are more likely to get depressed and develop negative self- perceptions. near employed youth, particularly those in high intensity work, even take to alcohol and drugs while being in school. Several studies have pointed to the association of adolescent working and risk behavior including petty crimes, marijuana and risky sexual indulgence.Teens need to be understood and supported to meet the challenges of work and school. They need to be guided to use their time and resources in a more beneficial way. Creating a time bound schedule, emphasizing on the time to be spent on work or school each day or week, would help in organizing their commitments. As they near adulthood, they must be taught to manage all responsibilities and roles associated with it.REFERENCESMcDowell U and Futris T.G., (2001) Adolescent Employment, Ohio State University Extension, Electronic Version downloaded on 6th March 2007 fromhttp//ohioline.osu.edu/flm01/FS08.htmlNet industries (2008) pastureing in Adolescence Advantages and Disadvantages of Adolescent Employment Electronic Version downloaded on 6th March 2007 fromhttp//social.jrank.org/pages/690/Dufur M. (2002) Examining the Motives for and Effects of At-Risk Students Work for Pay during High School. Brigham Young University Electronic Version downloaded on 6th March 2007 from http//www.fcs.utah.edu/info/utahdemographers/binary/?id=13

Position Paper Ap Government

Luke sawyer 12th grade 11/8/12 AP government Position paper I believe that Barack Obama is the most qualified candidate to push for the president of the United Sates of America. I believe that his plan of moving forward will indeed scarper us forward. Obama has interesting views that I agree with, and you should consider them, as did I. The first issue is innovation, more jobs and revive manufacturing and the auto industry. Since Obama became president both manufacturing and the auto industry have had a total of 1. 5 cardinal new jobs.The second issue is taxes. Taxes are necessary, but no one wants them. Obama plans to cut taxes for every American worker and provide small tax cuts for small businesses. He is in like manner asking the overly wealthy Americans to pay a little bit more in order to pay away our debt. A third issue is to end the war, and bring back our troops from Afghanistan. Obama plans to end the war by 2014 and single-valued function half the money that would b e spent on the war, and use it for roads, bridges, runways and schools and the other half on paid the deficit.The next issue is energy, which is a big issue now that fossil fuels are running low. Obama plans to throw up aside oil companies and start investing in noveler sources, to become a global drawing card in clean energy. Obama plans to protect our climate by taking steps into cleaner energy including oil, gas, clean coal, wind, solar, biofuels, and nuclear energy. Also creating jobs and businesses, while improving the environment and national security. With schools advancing and new knowledge existence obtained, Obama plans to make college more affordable.He plans on doing this by cutting the tuition fee in half. He withal plans to establish a college tax credit for the students and families worth up to 10,000 dollars over for years of college. He also plans to enforce the allege and local government to improve the quality of teachers, while giving the local and state go vernments resources to reward and attract better teachers. Obama also plans to recruit 100,000 math and science teachers so we can out-compete countries in fields like science, technology, engineering, and math. Lastly, Obamas health care plan strengthensMedicare for the seniors, and it helps young people get the health indemnification they need. The Affordable Care Act is helping people with Medicare save on the care they need to point healthy. Obama plans to lower the costs on prescription drugs, and monthly premiums. Obama is also putting an end to health insurance policy companys charging women more than men for the same coverage. Sources http//www. barackobama. com/plans/ http//www. cbsnews. com/8301-250_162-57538698/what-are-obamas-and-romneys-plans-for-the-next-four-years/ http//www. businessinsider. com/obamas-plan-second-term-economy-jobs-election-2012-10? op=1

Human behaviour

mankind Behaviour Psychology According to Sigmund Freud, (1856-1939). tender creations ar full mechanical creatures, whom he views as prisoners of primitive instincts and powers, which we can b atomic number 18ly control. He states that our purpose is to control these instincts and powers. Freud explained these concepts by comparing the homosexual spirit to an Iceberg. The vlslble purpose of the Iceberg (spirit) Is the apprised part, which consists of everything we know and remember and the thinking processes by dint of which we function. The unconscious part is made up of everything we have ever learned or experienced, ncluding that which has been forgotten.A part of these forgotten things be really gone, but the largest part of the unconscious has Just been shut out, because It would be vexatious to be consciously reminded of it. The influences of Helmholtz are also visible at other points, According to Freud, the material in the unconscious contains psychic energy. Thi s psychic energy is constantly trying to get into the conscious part, while the conscious part keeps using energy to suppress undesirable discoveries. An expression of unknown powers Is, for example, slips of the tongue.These expressions show that our unconscious was not strong enough to keep these powers outside the conscious part. Philosophers in the seventeenth and eighteenth century (like Descartes and Hobbes) shared a mechanistic view. They thought that almost of our actions are the result of internal or external forces, which are not under voluntary control. Hobbes, for example, claimed that underlying reasons for behavior are the avoidance of pain and the quest for pleasure. The radical of the mechanistic view Is the theory of instincts. An instinct is an innate biological force, which commands the organism to ehave in a token way.The main advocate of the instinct theory was the psychologist McDougall. He hypothesized that all thinking and behavior is the result of instin cts, which are fixed from birth, but which can be adjusted by learning and experience. By changes and combinations of instincts he move to explain the whole repertoire of human behavior. Human behavior psychology Is one of the theories of learning establish upon the central Idea that all human behaviors are attained through conditioning. This is also known as behaviorism. Conditioning happens through the nteraction of human beings with the environment.According to human behavior psychology, human behavior can be canvass in a systematic, methodical, recognizable and observable manner with no deliberation of internal mental states. Strengths of human behavior psychology/3ehaviorlsm Human behavior psychology is based upon observable and noticeable behaviors, thus easier to quantify, suck up empirical data and Information while conducting re look to. Behavioral intervention, token economies, and discrete trial training are some 0T tne erective remealal tecnnlques wnlcn are all roote d Intenslvely In numan ehavior psychology, also commonly known as behaviorism.These techniques are very helpful in changing maladaptive, detrimental or harmful behaviors in both children and adults. Criticisms of human behavior psychology/behaviorism Many detractors point out that human behavior psychology or behaviorism is an exclusively one-dimensional approach to human behavior and thus such human behavioural theories do not account for free will and internal influences such as moods, thoughts, feelings, etc. behavioristic psychology or human behavior psychology does not ccount for further types of learning, in particular learning that occurs lack the use of reinforcements.Also individuals are able to adapt their human behavior when new information is brought in, even if a previous behavior pattern has been established over a period of time through reinforcement. Human behavior refers to the range of behaviors exhibited by human beings and which are influenced by culture, att itudes, emotions, values, ethics, authority, rapport, hypnosis, persuasion, coercion and/or genetics. The behavior of race (and other organisms or even mechanisms) alls within a range with some behavior being common, some unusual, some acceptable, and some outside acceptable limits.In sociology, behavior in general is characterised as having no meaning, being not directed at other people, and thus is the most basic human action. Behavior in this general sense should not be mistaken with social behavior, which is a more advanced action, as social behavior is behavior specifically directed at other people. The acceptability of behavior depends heavily upon social norms and is regulated by various means of social control. Human ehavior is studied by the specialise academic disciplines of psychiatry, psychology, social work, sociology, economics, and anthropology.Human behaviour is experienced throughout an individuals entire lifetime. It includes the way they act based on different factors such as genetics, social norms, core faith, and attitude. Behaviour is impacted by certain traits apiece individual has. The traits vary from person to person and can produce different actions or behaviour from each person. Social norms also impact behaviour. Due to the inherently conformist nature of uman society in general, humans are pressurised into following certain rules and display certain behaviours in society, which conditions the way people behave.Different behaviours are deemed to be either acceptable or unacceptable in different societies and cultures. Core faith can be perceived through the religion and philosophy of that individual. It shapes the way a person thinks and this in turn results in different human behaviours. Attitude can be defined as the degree to which the person has a favorable or unfavorable evaluation of the behavior in question. Ones attitude is essentially a demonstration of the behaviour he or she will portray in specific situations.https //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_behaviorhttp//www.sooperarticles.com/http//research.easybib.com/research/index/search?search=%22ThinkQuest+Team%22https//moz.com/ugc/how-to-increase-ecommerce-conversion-rates-with-social-proofhttp//study.com/directory/category/Psychology/Psychology_and_Human_Behavior/Environmental_Psychology.html

A Sense of Honor

In the story, (Webb, 1995) A Sense of Honor by writer James Webb, we learn about a tough guy by the name of Bill Fogarty who is a boxer and a first class senior midship reality who strives to become an officer in the Marine Corps.We in like manner learn about another character by the name of Captain Ted Lenahan who mentors his midshipmen who has made his return to capital of Maryland as a tactical officer, after receiving injuries during the Vietnam struggle.Fogarty referred to himself as being The best of the best and his haughty and uncouth nature was endured by those who feared him. Another interesting character John Dean is a newcomer who complains, ceaselessly which annoys his upper-classed, fellow Marines.Fogartys remembers his fellow midshipmen as the author tells us (p.1) He passed a small snowman some(prenominal) of them had collaborated on the day before. The snowman wore a midshipman Dixie cup hat, properly rolled and boxed, properly faced forwards on its head, just above its head, just above its nonexistent eyebrows.Its creators had awarded it the National Defense Medal, the red and sensationalistic badge perfectly centered on the left side of the snowmans chest. Webb is able to convey that Fogarty wasnt the tough and uncaring person that he tried so hard to be, but a man that could recall and cherish his memories with the men who had taught him so well.Harsh treatment and high demands were faced, continuously for underclassmen, which were hidden during this era and endured to each one day. We learn about hazing in that time period that was always evident and well-hidden.The author, himself, was an attendee of the Annapolis US Naval Academy, which takes place in the year 1968, graduating with high honors, and shares his story about his adventures and friends, as they train during the Vietnam War era to become Marine and Navy Corps officers.Webbs story covers many areas, including the humor, hardships and lessons that can be learned while lea rning to become dedicated, disciplined and honorable United States leaders.Webbs book teaches that trustworthy and virtuous leaders dont come easily. The author also, enlightens us to what a difficult and assay time the Vietnam War era had been and how this war wasnt fought with faceless men, but with those of integrity, determination and endured trying times to become successful officers. Reference PageWebb, James. 1995. A Sense of Honor. US Naval Institute Press. P. 1

Is The Uk Planning System Sustainable Environmental Sciences Essay

The United Kingdom ( UK ) supply system operates on three grades, national, regional and local proviso governments ( Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, 2005 ) . The supply and Compulsory Purchase Act 2004 ( PCPA ) was brought into English jurisprudence to rush up the proceedings in the cooking system and to do the proviso determinations of major increments to a greater extent predictable as is defined by the instructive notes to the 2004 Act. The UK planning system operates within the remits of sustainable development , this focuses on three facets societal, sparing and purlieual. This three prong standards espouse for an already complicated planning system has lead to unfavorable judgments of lucidity, intent and for decelerating down proceedings. In fix up to objectively measure Bell and McGillvray s statement, Section39 of the planning and obligatory purchase act requires only curriculum doing organic structures to exert their maps with the aim of lending to t he accomplishment of sustainable development . Planing Policy Statement 6 ( PPS 6 ) , Planing for Town Centres, and Planing Policy Statement 9 ( PPS 9 ) , Biodiversity and Geological Conservation, are of critical relevancy to how and whom planning insurance statute law is relevant to and as such are reviewed in view to sustainable development.Sustainable development was the term coined and adopted by regimens, be aftering governments and non-government administrations for the development of planning policy and statute law, it is the nucleus rule underpinning be aftering ( PPS 6, 2003 ) . However there is distillery troubles in holding an internationally recognized definition, the most widely accepted definition is the publication of the United Nations ( UN ) World Commission on Environments Our Common hereafter run intoing the demands of the present without compromising the ability of future coevalss to develop. The subject is to protect the environment from debasement and to advance economic and societal verve. The committedness to the betterment of societal, economic and physical environments is quickly be endorsed by authoritiess around the universe, nevertheless trouble is common in fulfilling all three countries on virgin developments. In many instances determinations can be argued to hold been inattentive of environmental impacts in favor of economic benefits, alternately it can be argued that environmental sensitiveness has needlessly denied or inflated costs of smart developments. The Newbury belt guidance has been constructed ( Insert snail instance survey )Planing Policy Statement 6PPS 6 was issued by the military post of the Deputy premier minster in December 2003, it replaced Planing Policy Guidance note 6 and has a underlying function in easing and advancing sustainable and inclusive development ( PPS 6, 2003 ) . PPS 6 is responsible for the development in town Centres and its primary focal point is on the regeneration and care of verve in town Centres and high streets. Friends of the Earth have critiscised PPS 6 saying it is responsible for failure to supply authorize counsel to local governments on the demand to keep big format shops in their 2004 Consultation rejoinder Draft Planning Policy Statement Six Planning for Town Centres. Conflicts in the planning mapping are determined by the consensus on what is more sustainable, but what if there is dissension on what is more sustainable. Subsection 2.6 of PPS 6 provinces Larger shops may present benefits for consumers and local planning governments should do proviso for them in this context promoting border of town Centre vicinities for such developments. Where as it has besides been argued that larger shops can in fact be damaging to the diverseness and verve of a community, due to larger shops exporting all economic benefits out of their unmoved locations ( Friends of the Earth 2004 ) . This would connote a contradiction between PPS 6 and delegate 1 of the 2004 PCPA. Another drawback to PPS 6 is its focal point on economic betterment through sustainable planning. Environmental debasement can non comprehensively be measured in fiscal graduated tables, and as such should non trust on pecuniary compensation as an effectual replacement in a sustainable policy.Planing Policy Statement 9PPS 9 is responsible for the protection of biodiversity and geological preservation, nevertheless it is undefended to controversy as to its precedence in planning policy. Made up of solely 14 paragraphs PPS 9 is the shortest planning policy statement, it has been critisizced as insufficient and equivocal in its capacity to supply excrete way for be aftering organic structures ( Wildlife & A Countryside Link 2004 ) . The authoritiess aims under PPS 9 are i ) to advance sustainable development two ) to conserve, enhance and reconstruct the diverseness of England s wildlife and geology three ) to lend to rural replacement and urban Renaissance ( PPS 9 2005 varlet 2 ) . The committedness to the preservation of biodiversity is stated as unrivaled of the three chief aims of PPS 9, yet the the statement focuses on steps of conserving biodiversity in footings of protection of from debasement or injury. Wildlife & A countryside nexus responded to PPS 9 in 2004 saying that it contains small to promote positive planning for biodiversity redevelopment and enhancement e.g. habitat creative activity chances . PPS 9 fails to recognize and show the signifigance of the rate and impact of biodiversity damage at a planetary graduated table and the critical function of be aftering governments and the structuring of regional spacial schemes in footings of these contexts ( Friends of the Earth, 2004 Page 2 ) . A terrible nothingness of consistent information on climate alteration and its impact on biodiversity, one refrence to climate alteration can be found everyplace clip the distribution of nursing home grounds and species, and str uctural procedures and characteristics, will be affected by clime alteration and such alteration will necessitate to be taken into history. ( Planing Policy Statement 9, 2005. Page 4 )If biodiversity is to be conserved so a comprehensive model should be provided by authorities on the impacts and suggest agencies for local planning governments to cover with the impacts of clime alteration Wildlife & A Countryside Link 2004 ) . Pargraph 10 of PPS 9 refers to the importance of biodiversity in ancient forests and emphasises that one time lost it can non be recreated , as such can non be capable to extenuation steps such as translocation as in the instance of the Desmoulin Whorl snail,1. Advancement for developments that would function to increase the loss of biodiversity is made possible by the trance out clause unless the demand for, and benefits of, the development in that location outweigh the loss of the forest home ground ( PPS 9, 2005. Pg 6 ) . This caveate can be seen to pr omote the development of Sites of Particular Scientific Interest ( SSSI ) , as it undermines the tone of the planning policy statement and the planning already requires the material considerations during the planning application physical body ( Woodland Trust, 2004 ) . The Woodland Trust and Ancient Tree Forum requested the remotion of the aforesaid caveate in their 2004 response to PPS 9 proposing it would direct a clearer message about the protection of ancient forest.DecisionThe authorization purchase act of 2004 serves to rush up be aftering proceedings and increase determination predictability, subdivision 39 of the act implores be aftering organic structures to keep development in a sustainable form. The effectivity of the mandatory purchase act of 2004 is straight affected by our definition of sustainable development and the precedences of economic, societal and environmental public assistance. The apprehension of sustainable development becomes diluted when applied to the multi-functional environment of suburban town Centres ( Griffiths S. 2008 ) .. Whilst still combative, the in agreement definition of sustainable development provided by UN universe committee on environments is clear in its aim, the more of import issue of what are considered to be acceptable sustainable patterns under planning policy statement should be reviewed with considerations to the responses of be aftering governments and non-governmental administrations. Climate alteration has caught tonss of attending in the political electron orbit with the most recent acme held in Copenhagen in December 2009, it is surprising so that there is merely one mention to climate alteration in PPS 9 and slightly conspicuous that it is the shortest of all the planning policy statements looking to be a briefly considered topic non built-in to the overall Agenda. The complexness of quantifying the resources provided to nightspot by biodiversity in figures of currency make it a hard rival in for p recedence in the political sphere of parliament. However the new system can be seen as a dramatic betterment in turn toing the antecedently vacant model on biodiversity preservation.

Introduction to Management Essay

Panera sugar Ronald Shaich, CEO and chair man of Panera bread made a phenomenal exploitation in revenue of the beau monde from $350.8 one million million to $ 977.1 million in just 3 courses from year 2000 to 2003. However the harvest-time has continued slowing down from that year on so a outline is being strategized to help Panera Bread survive.The objective is to make Panera a disciplinely dominating brand by following a corporate strategy of growth by the combination of follow and license efforts. With a clear objective it would help the company and its staff to know their goal and what they are achieving for.The concept is to renounce against the key consumer trends to present a fast routine dining experience but in like manner providing varieties of crude and healthier menus to cater for the market segments. Improvements are done non only the harvest-feast but also improving the overall operating systems, innovation and real estates. For the companys image part icipating in the local community charity for corporate social responsibility.See more(prenominal) introduction paragraph representativeThe policies are all franchisees are to follow the same standards for product quality, menu, site selection, and bakery caf construction as the companys. The company believed that the employee was a critical part of successful product and a unique company so by entrusting the employees to the fresh dough and support center accomplishments with skilled associates and invested in reproduction programs to ensure the quality and its operations.Recommended strategyPanera is to adopt Growth strategy through horizontal integration and utilize franchising as its key component to Paneras growth strategy. The reason for continuing the horizontal integration is because does not have the capabilities to employ full backward/ forward integration. Thus vertical integration is not able in this case. The horizontal integration matches with the Paneras concept bakery-cafes and it is the way for Panera to be able to grow more rapidly.Competitive strategy used is Differentiation, employing the Differentiation strategy Panera will be able to charge high prices to cover the increasing fixed costs. However with higher quality products than of fast food chains, tailor menus, upscale dcor and Paneras commitment to customer it is very possible to charge higher price.Improvements should be made in the Human Resource department in compensation & benefits system. Salaried staffs get product discount, bonuses, incentive programs, training, and employee stock ownership plans however salaried worker should be rewarded too through acquaintance & award system or giving out vouchers to the non salaried workers.Management team upThe management team would be lead by all the executives and presidents in the company who has and extensive experience in managing and performance the Panera business. Mainly to manage all the important sectors like the Concep t, Development, Joint Venture, Franchise, Supply Chain, Operating, Financial and the Administrative.II. COMPANY stressPanera bread has been around from 1976. Ronald Shaich, CEO and chairman of Panera bread was the person who created the company together with the master baker called Shaich who combined ingredients. The duo made the phenomenal growth of the company with the guidance of Shaich, the revenue of Panera bread bloom wine from franchise of 419 shops, the average annualized unit volumes (AUVs) increased from 9.1% to 12% a well but in the sequentially year the increase slow down from 0.2% to 0.5%.Before it became a very successful company, there was Au Bon Pain which was purchased by Louis Kane in 1978. The bakery faced a $3 million in debt trance struggling with 13 stores but 10 was shut down. Ronald Shaich came into the picture when Kane was about to declare bankrupt. Shaich who owned a bakery Cookie Jar merged together with Au Bon Pain in 1981 these was to help the fa il in the morning. The two expanded the business and decreased the debt between 1981 and 1984.In 1985 Au Bon Pain became a place for urban folk who were tired of fast food. By 1991 Kane and Shaich took the company public and had 200 stores and $183 million in gross sales. The duo continued expanding by buying over St. Louis Bread Company from Ken Rosenthal, which had 19-store bakery caf in St. Louis area. While Au Bon Pain was focusing on making St. Louis bread a national brand the expansion of the urban outlet had operational problems and had a debt of $65 million. Lacking of capital they change Au Bon Pain and concentrated on Panera, which the name that was change to in May 16, 1999, being debt ease the cash allowed expansion of the bakery cafe stores.III. CURRENT SITUATIONIII.A. CURRENT PERFORMANCEPanera has been experiencing rapid growth under the leadership of Ronald Shaich. Under his guidance, Panera s total system wide revenue rose from $350.8 million to $ 977.1 million in just 3 years from year 2000 to 2003 respectively. This rapid growth is caused by the freshly unit expansion of 419 bakery-cafes from 1999 to 2003. However as the year passed by, the companys system wide sales & average annualized unit volumes began to decline. The growth rate has slows down for Panera. To continue growing, Panera will direct to develop impertinently strategies, initiatives and new unit growth.There are 2 classes of Common Stock ownership in the company(1). Class A Stock with 28,345,754 shares not bad(p) and 1 vote per share.(2) Class B Stock with 1,761,521 shares outstanding and 3 votes per share.The companys revenues were derived from company-owned bakery-caf sales, fresh dough sales to franchisees, and franchise royalties & fees. The total company revenues rose 28.1% to $355.9million in 2003 compared to $ 277.8 million in 2002. The increase in revenue was due to the opening of 131 new bakery-cafes in 2003.From 2002 to 2003 the bakery-caf sales has increased b y 25.1% from $212.6 million to $265.9 million. This is due to a full years operation of 23 company-owned bakery-cafes created in 2002, the opening of 29 company-owned bakery-cafes in 2003, and the 1.7% increase in comparable bakery-caf sales for 2003.III.B. strategic POSTURE Mission statement1. To extend its franchise relationship beyond its current franchises.2. To doing the best bread In America3. Paneras concept was designed around meeting the needs and desires of consumers, specially the need for efficient, time saving service and the desire for a high quality dining experience. Objectives1. To make Panera a nationally dominant brand. Strategy1. The concept is to deliver against the key consumer trends, to present a fast casual dining experience.2. Following a corporate strategy of growth by the combination of company and franchise efforts.3. Providing varieties of new and healthier menus to cater for the market segments.4. Testing prototypes for product development.5. Improving the overall operating systems, design and real estate.6. Participating in the local community charity.

Richard Nixon Effects on the Vietnam War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Richard Nixon Effects on the Vietnam War - Essay ExampleThe first and foremost regaining that confronted Nixon was the massive casualties that occurred on either sides of the war. Moreover the moral decays evidenced in the events of My Lai Massacre, Green Beret mapping and civilian cost in the operation Speedy Express infuriated the silent majority of the American to raise their voice against the war.1 But such a demand from the American mass posed a great predicament for Nixon government. On one hand Nixon had to retain the sublimity of the US public figure in the male monarch politics in the international field during the rising tension of nipping War.2 But it was not doable through a quick Military withdrawal from war. On the other hand, he had to pacify the umbrageous mob who massively could contribute to his failure in the next election in case he failed to manage a decent way-out while retaining the sublimity of the US image. At home Nixons dilemma was -as it is said i n Richard M. Nixon - The Vietnam war says- that If his plan involved escalation, Democrats could charge that he was abandoning attempts to reach a collected solution and could point to mounting American casualties and prisoners of war. If he negotiated a solution that led to the fall of the brass in Saigon, Democrats could charge that he had abandoned an ally.3 Indeed this situation was reflected greatly and played of import role in shaping Nixons policy for the Vietnam War. Now though Nixon became successful to retain his coiffe in the Oval Office in the election of 1973 and also to retain the US big-brother image in international power politics, he failed, to a great extent, to help the war. But in return he had to turn the upside of the US foreign policy down by sacrificing Americas image as the savior of Democracy.4 Nixons offensive stance, the Madman doctrine seems to lie at the stand of all these failures, because it can be convened that his defensive stance would have he lped more the causes of south Vietnam to survive as a democratic state than the Madman Doctrine could do. What Started the War? The root of the Vietnam War dates back in the year 1955. An in-depth analysis of the war is essentially bound to yield the fact that the war fairly turns from the colonial oppose of the French into the war of the US democratic interest. From the viewpoint of the US Government the US elaboration in the war was meant to prevent the proliferation of communism over South Vietnam. But as per the North Vietnamese people as well as the common Vietnameses view, the war was the Vietnamese struggle against the colonial power, which was initially fought against the French. But later it turned against South Vietnam that was backed by the US Army. During the Cold War after the Second World War, the US Foreign Policy Makers concentrated their attention to chink the US power on the regional politics in Asia. As a legacy of this policy, the Johnson Government grabbed the opportunity to strengthen its hold on South Vietnam. Obviously the propaganda behind the US Military payoff was that non-communist South Vietnam was invaded by communist North Vietnam and that the United States came to the aid of the democratic regime in the South.5 According to Pilger, the US reason to involve in the war is still vague because the US contact

The Unification of Information Security Program Management and Project Article

The Unification of Information protection Program focus and look Management - Article ExampleHowever, converging the two managements has drawbacks as well. More often than not, drawbacks weigh more than success on the first stages of the implementation. In light of the mentioned union, his paper will discuss the ventures brought about by the spic-and-span technology, the tasks to be dealt with in developing the Enterprise Information Security Program, and the adherence to executing risk management. The life of any organization or enterprise moving to build up a penetration lies in making goals into reality, and maintaining a successful position in the industry.Dealing with new things may have more thoughts to ponder. The unification of Information Security Program Management and Project Management comes with new security department threats/risks that must be addressed consortly. Unfortunately, in the context of security, requirements and specifications are most often overl ooked. This may in turn account for the estimated 92% of security vulnerabilities NIST3 recently attributed to applications.1 Organizations wanting to advance with Information Security Program are susceptible to the possible hazards for the Project Management in setting up new systems to adhere with the goals of both managements. A partner of Hurwitz and Associates, Fran Howarth, wrote an article about The Convergence of Physical and IT Security. Howarth stated that IT systems are increasingly being attacked-and not in the way they used to be, by hackers concerned most with gaining the lever of their peers for their exploits, but by criminals intent on financial gain.2 Howarth further explained that the heightened security threats that we face today-especially given over the high levels of international terrorism that we face-affect huge parts of our lives. In recent years, public buildings, hotels, embassies and send connect have all been targeted by terrorists. And huge parts of our critical national infrastructures, including power, water and food supply, transport links and facilities, government and commercial facilities remain vulnerable, not just to terrorist attacks, but also to theft, sabotage and environmental disasters.3An executive summary of a research entitled Making Security an Integral Part of the Management from Computer Electronics Inc. reveals that security should be an important element of spue management, to ensure that the security implications of these changes are addressed.4 A skilled and knowledgeable project manager must be aware of the security requirements in managing projects. In addition, A Guideline to the Project & Program Management Standard produced by the International connective of Project and Program Management for the benefit of the project managers who need to attain project success according to schedule, cost, quality, and to customer expectations.5 IAPPM sees a greater need in developing new techniques as organiza tions struggle to be more accessible in providing solutions, products and services.6 IAPPM describes project management as the centralized management by an individual to plan, organize, control and deploy key milestones, deliverables and resources from conception through retirement, according to customer goals. Often project managers are skilled to use specific templates and techniques to manage through the preferred project life-cycle.7 For example, a